Agatha Christie’s “The idol house of Astarte” Essay

The story the â€Å"Idol House of Astarte† is only one of the accounts that showed up in Dame Agatha Christie’s â€Å"The Thirteen Problems† (1932, 2000)(also distributed as â€Å"The Tuesday Club Murders. â€Å") Ms. Jane Marple, one of Christie’s most darling characters is the town old house keeper who has a talent for watching matches between circumstances (Bargainnier 42). She alongside her writer nephew Raymond West, the craftsman Joyce Lempriere, Scotland Yard’s Sir Henry Clithering, the older priest Dr. Pender and the specialist Mr. Petherick are included telling records of baffling circumstances and violations they have encountered (Christie 1). To every story, the narrator retains the answer for the how the wrongdoing was fathomed and how it was submitted. The test to the audience members is to figure the responses to the topic of how the killings or wrongdoings were submitted and by whom. (2) â€Å"The Idol House of Astarte† (15-30) is the story shared by Dr. Pender. In it, he reviews the experience he had and the homicide he saw at a gathering at the place of a Sir Richard Haydon on Dartmoor. The house itself, while unremarkable in appearance, was supposed to be based on an area brimming with history including that of the Neolithic cottage occupants, the Druids, Romans and early Phoenicians. On the grounds is an impossible to miss real estate parcel with a thick harvest of trees, which Haydon thought to be the sacrosanct forest of a Phoenician goddess of the moon, Astarte. The sight and creepy air of the woods motivated one of the visitors, an entertainer called Diana Ashley to propose a Fancy dress or ensemble party for that night. Throughout the night, the local party wearing their outfits by and by dare to the forest and experience an amazement as a completely costumed Diana Ashley who was putting on a good show of a priestess at the goddess sanctuary. In energy, Sir Richard Haydon endeavors to move toward Diana, falters and afterward falls forward. At the point when he doesn’t get up, his cousin Elliot researches what occurred and declares that Richard was dead evidently from a cut injury. In spite of looking for a weapon or conceivable explanation behind Haydon’s passing, none could be found. The following day, Elliot Haydon was likewise found cut however alive in a similar situation as Richard might have been. The thing that matters was that a blade was left in the injury. As indicated by him, something extraordinary occurred in the forest and that his injury was incurred by something he was unable to clarify. The story proceeds to detail the numerous arrangements Ms. Marple’s party presents for the passings. The greater part of which thought about the heavenly and superhuman. Of all, lone the legal counselor Mr. Petherick and Ms. Marple offered arrangements that totally limited the powerful. At long last, it was Ms. Marple who happened upon the right response to Dr. Pender’s puzzle. There were numerous elements that made the story enchanted. The story itself conveys numerous proposals of powerful things, for example, enchantment and apparitions. Much notice has additionally been given to the â€Å"atmosphere† of the forest, which was frequently portrayed as creepy or unpleasant. There was likewise obviously the setting, which was in a clearing in a thick yield of trees and the time at which the homicide happened which was a night with a rising moon (20). There was additionally the creepy dull punctuated with murmurs and moans, and the little vacation home or â€Å"temple† at the freeing itself where a stone sculpture from the goddess Astarte was cherished. The climate of detestable and premonition wrapped the characters in the local party. Ms.Marple’s bunch was likewise constantly impacted by the scary idea of the story and Dr. Pender’s depiction of how he felt on observing the woods just as the situations as they developed. I think this very â€Å"atmosphere† itself in addition to the simple certainty that a priest, for example, Dr. Pender could be influenced by such â€Å"evil† air, thwarted the characters in the local party including a few individuals from Ms. Marple’s bunch in their target and calm evaluation of the realities. Actually, I trust Ms. Marple expressed it best when she stated: I don’t perceive how any other individual could have done it†¦I mean if, as Mr. Petherick so carefully says, one ganders at the realities and ignores all that environment of barbarian goddesses which I don’t believe is decent. (Christie 29) I likewise thought that it was fascinating that the more â€Å"artistic† in Ms. Marple’s gathering, for example, Raymond West and Joyce Lempriere, were increasingly vulnerable to concocting arrangements of a powerful sort, for example, seances and superhuman quality utilized in tossing a spear. Sir Henry Clithering, while not totally taken in by the otherworldly, considered the chance of homicide done by an expert and uncommonly skilled blade of blade hurler. (27) Owing to his calling as a specialist, Mr. Petherick was progressively prepared to assess realities without the impact of climate. Ms. Marple, other than being a â€Å"matter-of-fact† kind of individual, has the abundance of her experience and perceptions of living in a town that she can construct her judgment on. Calling and experience appear to be utilized as markers and proportions of each character’s objectivity and creative mind. Both Ms. Christie and the character Dr. Pender are brilliant narrators. The depiction of the forest and the emotions it made in the individuals who visited it shows exactly how significant climate can be in a story (Bargainnier 28) yet in addition in impacting how individuals think, feel, and view things. Works Cited Bargainnier, Earl F. The Gentle Art of Murder: The Detective Fiction of Agatha Christie. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1980. Questia. 4 Nov. 2007 <http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=o&d=101091059>. Christie, Agatha. â€Å"The Idol House of Astarte. † The Thirteen Problems. New York: Signet, 2000. 15-30.

Education as a Factor in Substance Abuse Prevention

Task Summary The point of this undertaking is to set up whether the propensity of youthful grown-ups towards substance misuse can be decreased by presenting training on the unsafe impacts of psychoactive substances on the ordinary working of people and whether there is any distinction in impacts when the talks are given by peers instead of adults.Advertising We will compose a custom proposition test on Education as a Factor in Substance Abuse Prevention explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The controlling theory of the examination is that the kids presented to data about the manner by which psychoactive substances impact working of human body will show diminished inclination towards substance misuse. Studies have demonstrated that substance misuse hazard is influenced by a few elements. To start with, societal position of the individual contributes incredibly to the danger of substance misuse (Hawkins et al., 1992). Additionally, family ancestry of substance misuse and different qualities of the family are likewise significant elements to consider while deciding the odds a youngster has of building up a substance misuse issue (Substance Abuse †Family Factors). Furthermore, a genuinely ongoing examination has called attention to that there are noteworthy contrasts in the examples of liquor and medication use among urban and provincial populaces in that rustic populaces will in general display a higher pace of substance misuse (for the most part liquor because of its status as the prevailing medication in country networks) than their urban partners (Warner Leukefield, 2001). Since the variety of contributing components is so wide, all together for this exploration to give agent and substantial outcomes, we need three wide arrangements of test populaces. While doing the exploration on green beans secondary school understudies, we should ensure that the two trial gatherings and control bunch have the equivalent auxiliary highlights. The three gatherings ought to have equivalent quantities of youngsters who originate from families with a past filled with sedate maltreatment and the examples of social remaining inside the gatherings should coordinate intently. Moreover, we ought to have equal gatherings in urban and provincial zones so we could ensure that the main variable we are presenting is instruction on the impacts psychoactive substances have on human body. The primary test gathering should comprise of 500 understudies in a urban region and 500 youngsters in a rustic zone. Every one of them ought to go to addresses on the impacts of substance maltreatment on people for an hour seven days for a quarter of a year in gatherings of twenty. The urgent thing with this gathering is that the talks would be given by a companion. The other two gatherings would be actually the equivalent, then again, actually in the test bunch number 2 talks would be given by a grown-up proficient and the third gathering would have no talks a t all.Advertising Looking for proposition on training? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Before starting the examination a study would be taken to discover what number of understudies had contact with psychoactive substances and which ones they utilized. After the underlying three months, we would take the review again and keep giving the study intermittently, at regular intervals until the gatherings move on from secondary school. The aftereffects of the reviews would assist us with responding to the inquiries: (I) does instruction affect forestalling substance misuse?; (ii) is there a distinction in the effect of the message when it is conveyed by a friend instead of a grown-up proficient?; and (iii) is there a distinction in the impacts of training when contrasting kids from urban and country territories? Importance One investigation led in New York has proposed that it is conceivable to diminish the probability of substan ce maltreatment among youngsters by presenting 20 meetings in which the kids were presented to data about the dangers of medication use (Botvin et al. 1984). This examination will, from one viewpoint, assist us with affirming those outcomes however on the other, it will give us better comprehension on the relative similitudes and contrasts among rustic and urban gatherings and the impacts instruction may have on every one of the gatherings. The basic presupposition here is that those two gatherings have essentially various thoughts regarding psychoactive substances dependent on the disposition their condition has towards specific substances. A uniform style of instruction may help break those (mis)conceptions and make a right, proof based, picture about the impacts every one of the substances can have on human body. At last, we will have the option to check whether there is any distinction in the effect of the message when it is conveyed by a friend rather than a grown-up. Spending plan for the Initial Period We can check the initial three months of the task as the underlying time frame. Since during this time, the understudies in the trial gatherings would go to 12 one hour addresses, we would need to give assets to the instructors. The complete number of talks held by experts is 600 for the primary gathering and we gauge that one talk will cost around $40, which sums $24000. In the gathering wherein the talks are held by peers we gauge the whole to be at any rate multiple times littler †around $8000 in light of the fact that it will be conceivable to discover volunteers from youth clubs of different NGOs. For the third gathering, obviously, there are no costs for the talks. Besides, the two overviews which have a place with this period add to the all out aggregate. The costs here originate from the materials required †6000 overviews and a few assets are expected to fund the team’s take a shot at breaking down the information. This part would aggregate around $3000. The study halls required for the talks will ideally be given by the schools in which the exploration is to happen. In this manner, the assets for the underlying time frame all out $35000.Advertising We will compose a custom proposition test on Education as a Factor in Substance Abuse Prevention explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Budget for the Entire Proposed Project notwithstanding the underlying assets, which on account of this venture truly speak to the significant piece of the all out assets required, this examination involves some further expenses. These costs are identified with the studies which are to be given occasionally after the period where the understudies follow the talks is finished. As the overviews are to be allowed at regular intervals, the complete number of reviews not including the initial two, which have a place with the underlying time frame, is seven. Since we assessed the absolute costs of the initial two overvie ws to be around $3000, we can presume that the staying seven studies would cost around $10000. When that whole is added to the underlying subsidizes required for the task, the all out costs of this exploration add up to $45000. As one of the ongoing investigations recommended, on the off chance that we, as a general public, were prepared to put resources into counteraction of substance misuse, the speculations would return complex in not so distant future (Miller Hendrie, 2008). In that light, I truly trust that this award proposition will be considered as a request for a speculation into the eventual fate of our general public. References Botvin, G., Baker, E., Renick, N., Filazzola, A., Botvin, E. (1984). A subjective conduct way to deal with substanceabuseprevention. Addictive Behaviors, 9(2), 137-147. Hawkins, D., Catalano, R., Miller, J. (1992). Hazard and defensive elements for liquor and other medication issues in immaturity and early adulthood: Implications for substance mis use counteraction. Mental Bulletin, 112(1), 64-105. Hogan, J. A. (2003). Substance misuse anticipation: the convergence of science and practice. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Mill operator, T., and Hendrie, D. (2008) Substance Abuse Prevention Dollars and Cents: A Cost-Benefit Analysis, DHHS Pub. No. (SMA) 07-4298. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.Advertising Searching for proposition on training? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Substance Abuse †Family Factors Contributing To Risk And Resiliency †Single Parent, History, Parents, and Drug †JRank Articles. (n.d.). Marriage and Family Encyclopedia †JRank Articles . Recovered from https://family.jrank.org/pages/1648/Substance-Abuse-Family-Factors-Contributing-Risk-Resiliency.html Warner, B., Leukefield, C. (2001). Country urban contrasts in substance use and treatment usage among detainees. The American Journal of Drug and Alcoghol Abuse, 27, 265-280. This proposition on Education as a Factor in Substance Abuse Prevention was composed and presented by client Kyr0n to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

A Day in the Life (2) [Mathematics]

A Day in the Life (2) [Mathematics] [Justin 08] Hi everyone. I went on the exchange for 06-07 (so Im senior now heading off to math grad school next fall). I really appreciate Kathys post (A Day in the Life), but I should also point out that the Exchange offers a wide range of experiences and can depend significantly on what subject you are studying. I went through Course 18, to study the second year Mathematical Tripos (Part IB): http://www.maths.cam.ac.uk/undergrad/course/ It should first be said that I worked nearly as hard if not harder there at Cambridge in my junior year than during my time here at MIT. The learning style is definitely different at Cambridge and requires a great deal of individual motivation and tenacity to make it through the year successfully, i.e. earning first-degree class marks on the exams. In particular, although the only evaluation for Cambridge occurs at the end of the year in the form of four 3-hour exams (the tripos), these exams require a great deal of preparation and are significantly harder than most exams at MIT. Of course, what makes MIT difficult is that you are faced with continual assessment, and are given maybe a few days to prepare for tests, and thus the pace is certainly more intense for a given semester at MIT. Cambridge, on the other hand, might be more akin to the experience you might have preparing for quals in grad school your knowledge needs to be integrated and synthesized and then demonstrated in only a few hours of blazing glory. I have to say that I also feel like I learned and retained more in a single year at Cambridge, than in my first two years at MIT. This is because under Cambridges year-long system, subjects from each semester are meant to build on top of each other, and you continually need to revise and internalize information throughout the entire year. I think that many MIT students go through MIT learning to survive semesters, and then promptly forget a great deal of the material they supposedly absorbed. At Cambridge it is far more likely that people retain material over the entire year, because it is a cognitive fact that memorization (an important component in even problem-solving-driven thinking) requires repetition over a long period of time to be properly encoded in long-term memory. I should say that research definitely is not the focus of the undergraduate education at Cambridge, but it also isnt totally impossible (Actually, as a result of the Exchange, Cambridge is creating its own UROP system). The idea is that students in England come out of high school (or Sixth Form as they call it) having already done some portion of what American students do in their first year of college. Prospective Cambridge undergraduates apply to study a specific subject, and there is only a little lateral mobility once theyve matriculated. Many undergraduate degrees then consist of only three years of intense study, where an average student will take 10+ courses in their subject in a year (contrast this with MITs 6 technical subjects a year and 2 required humanities). After 3 years, many will enter a fourth year and do the equivalent of a one year Masters or MPhil. At least in mathematics, after this fourth year, many enter a research-only PhD, which they complete in 3 years. Ofte n the reason PhDs in the States take 4-7 years, is that coursework is required to get American students up to speed, which many international students, including Cambridge ones, will have done as part of their undergraduate degree, or one-year MPhil. So basically research is not the focus early on because instead you are expected to master the fundamentals for serious research as an undergraduate. I could go on to address some of the subtleties and differences in funding that mathematicians, scientists, and engineers might face on the other side of the Atlantic. I could also talk about my own great travel experiences, and the wonderful friends and social life I had during my year, but Ill save that for anyone who is interested. As a concluding thought, let it be noted that Cambridge is about to celebrate its 800th anniversary as an educational institute that has produced the likes of Newton, Maxwell, Green, Stokes, Kelvin, Rutherford, Watson and Crick, Stephen Hawking and so many other intellectual giants. The Cambridge-MIT Exchange thus represents a wonderful addition to any MIT students education and is certainly not a year wasted.

How to Master the German Articles-Part I

The German articles are honestly spoken a pain in the neck as they do not make any sense nor do they follow any logic. Unfortunately they are important for anyone who aims at speaking correct German. But there’s hope. There are two simple ways to deal with them almost effortlessly. This article will show you a quick and dirty way to recognize the gender of a German noun even if you dont understand its meaning yet. The second technique you will find in this article. The first is base upon the fact that there are indeed a few signals that give away a nouns gender. The endings -ig or -ling e.g. are always masculine, and so are -or, -ismus and the majority of nouns ending in -er. The problem is that those five endings are as abstract and meaningless as the articles themselves and therefore are still pretty difficult to remember and to apply.   The best way to deal with these article-signals is to organise them in the following way: der ig-ling-or-ismuser which we would read like a single word: der iglingorismuser   It’s still abstract but now we only have to deal with one abstract information -iglingorismuser- instead of five (-ig, -ling, -or, -ismus, -er). Our new word-creation also has a melody that makes it easier to remember.  Try it. Read it out loud a few times and try to recite it simply from your memory until you know it by heart. It took me a day of occasional recital and I still am able to recall it in an instant.   Of course there are also such signals for neuter and feminine nouns. Combined to mnemonic words they look like this: das Tum-chen-ma-ment-um-leinnis die Heit-ung-keit-ei-schaft-ion-ie-tà ¤t-ikure Practice them until you can recite them in a second or less so that you can focus on meaning instead on grammar when speaking. A friend of mine has written a little song to help learners like you to master them quickly. Make sure to check it out. There are also many good tips on how to learn abstract information in general in this lovely article. You might have noted the plus sign () in front of some endings above. That simply means that those endings are not 100% reliable regarding their signal. But they are mostly indicating the gender above. You can find some exceptions here. The beauty of this technique lies in its efficiency as you will be able to identify a noun’s gender even without knowing what that noun means. The word „Einberufungâ€Å" e.g. will most certainly be unknown to most of you but you will recognize its ending -ung easily and therefore know that it is of feminine gender. By the way it means „draftâ€Å" into military service. Why don’t you test your current knowledge of the articles with the following exercise before you practice the three lovely mnemonic words above for some time and then come back to this article and test your new skill? Like this you will have a before-after comparison and therefore a visual feedback for what you have learned with help of this article.   Test of your current article-recognition skills. Cover the text above so that you won’t be tempted to peek. What gender do the following German nouns have? You can write either der, das, die or simply (m)asculine, (n)euter or (f)eminine.    Test your knowledge of the German Articles Schmetterling (butterfly)Abteilung (department)Nation (nation)Autor (author)Psychologie (psychology)Wachstum (growth)Mà ¤dchen (girl)Eimer (bucket)Nase (nose)Polizei (police)Mongolei (Mongolia)Kà ¶ter (scoundrel)Kommunismus (communism)Frà ¤ulein (Miss)Natur (nature)Fabrik (plant)Oktober (October)Frà ¼hling (spring)Bà ¼rschchen (stripling/laddie)Gesellschaft (society)Struktur (structure)Quentchen (grain)Management (management)Logik (logic)Museum (museum)Information (information)Minute (minute)Kà ¶rper (body)Wohnung (flat)Feigling (coward)September (September)Meister (master)Ewigkeit (eternity) The answers you will find on the next page, so maybe copy these words into a word document or on a piece of paper to be able to easily correct your answers. Feel free to let me know your before/after results and what you think of this technique.   One last note: This technique does not cover all possible article signals but the most common ones. And it also does not help you with all those nouns that simply do not have any signal-ending yet there is also a few categories that usually stick to one gender, like e.g. alcoholic beverages that are mostly masculine (e.g. der Wein) or motorcycle bands that are exclusively feminine (e.g. die Harley Davidson) and the second technique is coming soon. Stay tuned and thanks for reading. Here now the answers to the exercise on the last page: der Schmetterling (butterfly)die Abteilung (department)die Nation (nation)der Autor (author)die Psychologie (psychology)das Wachstum (growth)das Mà ¤dchen (girl)der Eimer (bucket)die Nase (nose)die Polizei (police)die Mongolei (Mongolia)der Kà ¶ter (scoundrel)der Kommunismus (communism)das Frà ¤ulein (Miss)die Natur (nature)die Fabrik (plant)der Oktober (October)der Frà ¼hling (spring)das Bà ¼rschchen (stripling/laddie)die Gesellschaft (society)die Struktur (structure)das Quentchen (grain)das Management (management)die Logik (logic)das Museum (museum)die Information (information)die Minute (minute)der Kà ¶rper (body)die Wohnung (flat)der Feigling (coward)September (September)der Meister (master)die Ewigkeit (eternity)    How many have you had correct? Before: ______ After:    ______    00-11 points:      You could have gotten that much simply by guessing 12-22 points:      Not bad, but maybe you just have been lucky.   23-33 points:      Gute Arbeit. You are on your way to becoming an German Artikelmeister.

Serial Killers Richard Chase Vs. Richard Ramirez

Serial Killers (Richard Chase vs. Richard Ramirez) Mrs. Stubbs-Mesumbe Business Law Nigel Payne 11/29/15 Most serial killers do horrific crimes because of something that affected them while they were in their childhood. Richard Ramirez †¢ Early Life Richard Ramirez was born in El Paso, Texas, on February 29, 1960.Richard Ramirez father was a Mexican national and was also a former Juarez policeman, who later became a laborer on the Santa Fe railroad. Richard Ramirez father Julian Ramirez father was a hard working man who would get extremely angry, because of distress. Because of distress he would physically abuse people in the household including Richard Ramirez. Another person who impacted Ramirez life significantly is his older cousin Miguel Ramirez also known as mike. Mike was a U.S. Army Green, Beret combat veteran who often bragged to Richard Ramirez about the gruesome things he had done in the Vietnam War. Mike showed photos of his victims including woman that he had raped. Richard Ramirez, who had been smoking marijuana since the age of ten, formed a strong connection with his cousin mike over many joints and gruesome war stories. Mike also taught Richard some of his military skills, such as killing with stealth and suret y. During this time of connection between the two, Richard began to seek escape from his father’s abuse by sleeping at a local cemetery. †¢ Behavior Growing up During Richard Ramirez young life he was surrounded by many negative things,Show MoreRelatedQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 PagesOffice of Naval Research; Dr. Lynwood A. Johnson, Dr. Russell G. Heikes, Dr. David E. Fyffe, and Dr. H. M. Wadsworth, Jr., Georgia Institute of Technology; Dr. Sharad Prabhu and Dr. Robert Rodriguez, SAS Institute; Dr. Scott Kowalski, Minitab; Dr. Richard L. Storch and Dr. Christina M. Mastrangelo, University of Washington; Dr. Cynthia A. Lowry, formerly of Texas Christian University; Dr. Smiley Cheng, Dr. John Brewster, Dr. Brian Macpherson, and Dr. Fred Spiring, the University of Manitoba; Dr. Joseph

Misguided Ink Free Essays

Tattoos today are becoming very popular within the younger generation. Despite this creative trend of self expression, society still places judgment upon inked individuals. What ever happened to, don’t Judge a book by its cover? Unfortunately, people fail to the person who really Lies behind the Ink. We will write a custom essay sample on Misguided Ink or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having tattoo’s can lead to a lot of misjudgment. Especially In the workplace. An employer might misjudge a potential employee with tattoos for a criminal, without a second thought. Even though it may be true that most prisoners have tattoos, it’s not right to put everyone with a tattoo in that category. Even a prisoner with a tattoo could be falsely accused. Also, an employer might consider tattoos as a sign of less Intelligence. Since when does art become a sign of a weak mind? Being creative helps open closed minds. What’s on a person’s skin should not determine there abilities to work. Eventually, with the growing trend of tattoos, employers are going to have to reconsider there tattoo policies. One day this younger generation will be doing the hiring, it will become rare to not have tattoos. Regardless, there Is still a human being behind the Ink. Toffees make a statement groups, religion, and even memories. Tattoos are transforming into an art form rather than a lowly form according to some perspectives. As humans we have the gift of free will, who has the right to tell us what we can and cannot put on our bodies? Whether we use the gift of free will for good or bad we should not be Judged, since we all have a story to tell whether we express it through a tattoo or on a piece of paper. Tattoo’s are a creative way of expressing inner feelings to the world, and can help with self esteem issues ND give someone a boost of confidence. To look down upon someone with tattoo’s without knowing the full story behind the ink is like throwing away a flower. It takes a brave individual to express themselves to the world with a permanent line of ink. To be careless about what others may think of there bodied art is rather spontaneous. Judging a person with a tattoo is similar to Judging a child for coloring outside the lines. Coloring outside the lines can give someone the sense of freedom and self. What is even more misjudged is the creator behind the ink. Tattoo artist can be misjudged as well. The effort, thought, and talent that goes into the creating process of the tattoo can be challenging and time consuming. The creative process needs necessary machinery, a body with an idea, an experienced hobby rather than a real profession. Some would fail to realize tattoo artist have earned art degrees, while spending years building a portfolio of beautiful masterpieces of Art is everywhere, without it life would be a blank boring canvas. Some people may themselves as a canvas to splash color on. A tattoo is a way of expressing a feeling or image. Everyone has feelings, there is no need to place Judgment on someone who is tot afraid to express there inner being. A piece of art is a unique form of identity, we all want to be noticed, and have different ways of showing it. Its not right to Judge another as one is perfect. Color your own walls and leave no room for Judgment. There is more than what meets the eye, not everything that is seen is as bad as it seems. A open mind can set a soul free. It’s not good to let the world define an individual based on there appearance. Don’t let the world define beauty. True beauty and strength comes from within the soul, and Ink is only skin deep. Tattoos bleed out character. How to cite Misguided Ink, Papers

Misguided Ink Free Essays

Tattoos today are becoming very popular within the younger generation. Despite this creative trend of self expression, society still places judgment upon inked individuals. What ever happened to, don’t Judge a book by its cover? Unfortunately, people fail to the person who really Lies behind the Ink. We will write a custom essay sample on Misguided Ink or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having tattoo’s can lead to a lot of misjudgment. Especially In the workplace. An employer might misjudge a potential employee with tattoos for a criminal, without a second thought. Even though it may be true that most prisoners have tattoos, it’s not right to put everyone with a tattoo in that category. Even a prisoner with a tattoo could be falsely accused. Also, an employer might consider tattoos as a sign of less Intelligence. Since when does art become a sign of a weak mind? Being creative helps open closed minds. What’s on a person’s skin should not determine there abilities to work. Eventually, with the growing trend of tattoos, employers are going to have to reconsider there tattoo policies. One day this younger generation will be doing the hiring, it will become rare to not have tattoos. Regardless, there Is still a human being behind the Ink. Toffees make a statement groups, religion, and even memories. Tattoos are transforming into an art form rather than a lowly form according to some perspectives. As humans we have the gift of free will, who has the right to tell us what we can and cannot put on our bodies? Whether we use the gift of free will for good or bad we should not be Judged, since we all have a story to tell whether we express it through a tattoo or on a piece of paper. Tattoo’s are a creative way of expressing inner feelings to the world, and can help with self esteem issues ND give someone a boost of confidence. To look down upon someone with tattoo’s without knowing the full story behind the ink is like throwing away a flower. It takes a brave individual to express themselves to the world with a permanent line of ink. To be careless about what others may think of there bodied art is rather spontaneous. Judging a person with a tattoo is similar to Judging a child for coloring outside the lines. Coloring outside the lines can give someone the sense of freedom and self. What is even more misjudged is the creator behind the ink. Tattoo artist can be misjudged as well. The effort, thought, and talent that goes into the creating process of the tattoo can be challenging and time consuming. The creative process needs necessary machinery, a body with an idea, an experienced hobby rather than a real profession. Some would fail to realize tattoo artist have earned art degrees, while spending years building a portfolio of beautiful masterpieces of Art is everywhere, without it life would be a blank boring canvas. Some people may themselves as a canvas to splash color on. A tattoo is a way of expressing a feeling or image. Everyone has feelings, there is no need to place Judgment on someone who is tot afraid to express there inner being. A piece of art is a unique form of identity, we all want to be noticed, and have different ways of showing it. Its not right to Judge another as one is perfect. Color your own walls and leave no room for Judgment. There is more than what meets the eye, not everything that is seen is as bad as it seems. A open mind can set a soul free. It’s not good to let the world define an individual based on there appearance. Don’t let the world define beauty. True beauty and strength comes from within the soul, and Ink is only skin deep. Tattoos bleed out character. How to cite Misguided Ink, Papers

Irish Home Rule free essay sample

This paper examines why Irish Home Rule was finally accepted in 1914 and not before, as expected. This essay looks at why the Irish Home Rule bill was accepted in 1914, and why it was rejected earlier in both 1886 and 1893. The author discusses the political situation of the time in Britain and Ireland, examining closely the major people and parties involved and why they came to the decisions they arrived at. The issue of Home Rule and other Irish issues dominated British politics during the late 19th century and early 20th century, but the reason it was allowed to dominate was because the British parliament and population was not interested in Ireland, or solving its problems. Land Acts were passed, coercion failed and welfare support was slow and cumbersome, partly hampered by being a minority group, the Irish Nationalists were always going to find it hard to get the full benefits pushed through to advance Ireland further. We will write a custom essay sample on Irish Home Rule or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In a parliament where the Tories were not interested in Irish issues and the Lords dominated by Tories, the only party Irish Nationalists could gain help from was the Liberals and they were split over the Irish Question.

The History of the Human Management of Honey Bees

The History of the Human Management of Honey Bees The history of honey bees (or honeybees) and humans is a very old one. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are an insect that has not exactly been domesticated: but humans have learned how to manage them, by providing them with hives so we can more easily steal the honey and wax from them. That, according to research published in 2015, happened in Anatolia at least as long ago as 8,500 years. But physical changes to bees that are kept are negligible from those that are not kept, and there are no specific breeds of bees that you could reliably identify as domesticated versus wild. Three distinct genetic subspecies of honey bees have been identified, however, in Africa, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe. Harpur and colleagues identified evidence that Apis mellifera originated in Africa and colonized Europe at least twice, producing the genetically distinct Eastern and Western species. Surprisingly, unlike most domesticated species, managed bees have a higher genetic diversity than their progenitors. (See Harpur et al. 2012) Honey Bee Benefits We are fond of the stinging Apis mellifera, of course, for its liquid honey. Honey is one of the most energy-dense foods in nature, consisting of a concentrated source of fructose and glucose containing approximately 80-95% sugar. Honey contains trace amounts of several essential vitamins and minerals and also can be used as a preservative. Wild honey, that is to say, collected from wild bees, contains relatively higher levels of protein, because the honey contains more bee larva and larva parts than kept bees. Honey and bee larva together are excellent sources of energy fat and protein. Beeswax, the substance created by bees to encase their larvae in combs, was and is used for binding, sealing and waterproofing, and fuel in lamps or as candles. The 6th millennium BC Greek Neolithic site of Dikili Tash contained evidence for the use of beeswax as a binding agent. New Kingdom Egyptians used beeswax for medicinal purposes as well as embalming and mummy wrapping. Chinese Bronze Age cultures used it in the lost-wax technique as early as 500 BC, and as candles by the Warring States Period (375-221 BC). Early Use of Honey The earliest documented use of honey dates to at least the Upper Paleolithic, some 25,000 years ago. The dangerous business of collecting honey from wild bees was accomplished then as today, by using a variety of methods, including smoking the hives to reduce the response of the guard bees. Upper Paleolithic rock art from Spain, India, Australia, and southern Africa all illustrate collecting honey. Altamira cave, in Cantabria, Spain, includes depictions of honeycombs, dated approximately 25,000 years ago. The Mesolithic Cueva de la Araà ±a rock shelter, in Valencia Spain, contains depictions of honey collection, bee swarms, and men climbing ladders to get to the bees, at ~10,000 years ago. Some scholars believe that collecting honey is much earlier than that  since our immediate cousins the primates regularly collect honey on their own. Crittendon has suggested that Lower Paleolithic Oldowan stone tools (2.5 mya) could have been used to split open beehives, and theres no reason that a self-respecting Australopithecine or early Homo could not have done that. Neolithic Bee Exploitation in Turkey A recent study (Roffet-Salque et al. 2015) reported discovering beeswax lipid residues within cooking vessels throughout the prehistoric world from Denmark to North Africa. The earliest examples, say researchers, come from Catalhoyuk and Cayonu Tepesi in Turkey, both dated to the 7th millennium BC. Those come from bowls which also contained mammalian animal fat. Further evidence at Catalhoyuk is the discovery of a honeycomb-like pattern painted on the wall. Roffet-Salque and colleagues report that according to their evidence, the practice became widespread in Eurasia by 5,000 cal BC; and that the most abundant evidence for honeybee exploitation by early farmers comes from the Balkan peninsula. Beekeeping Evidence Until the discovery of Tel Rehov, evidence for ancient beekeeping, however, was restricted to texts and wall paintings (and of course ethnohistoric and oral history records, see Si 2013). Pinning down when beekeeping began is thus somewhat difficult. The earliest evidence of that is documents dated to the Bronze Age Mediterranean. Minoan documents written in  Linear B  describe major honey stores, and based on documentary evidence, most other Bronze Age states, including Egypt, Sumer, Assyria, Babylonia, and the  Hittite kingdom  all had beekeeping operations. Talmudic laws from 6th century BC describe the rules of harvesting honey on the Sabbath and where the proper place was to put your hives relative to human houses. Tel Rehov The oldest large production facility for producing honey identified to date is from Iron Age Tel Rehov, in the Jordan Valley of northern Israel. At this site, a large facility of unfired clay cylinders contained the remains of honey bee drones, workers, pupae, and larvae. This apiary included an estimated 100-200 hives. Each hive had a small hole on one side for the bees to enter and exit, and a lid on the opposite side for the beekeepers to access the honeycomb. The hives were located on a small courtyard that was part of a larger architectural complex, destroyed between ~826-970 BC (calibrated). About 30 hives have been excavated to date. Scholars believe the bees are the Anatolian honey bee (Apis mellifera  anatoliaca), based on morphometric analyses. Currently, this bee is not local to the region. Sources Bloch G,  Francoy  TM, Wachtel I, Panitz-Cohen N, Fuchs S, and Mazar A. 2010.  Industrial apiculture in the Jordan valley during Biblical times with Anatolian honey bees.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  107(25):11240-11244. Crittenden AN. 2011.  The Importance of Honey Consumption in Human Evolution.  Food and Foodways  19(4):257-273. Engel MS, Hinojosa-Dà ­az IA, and Rasnitsyn AP. 2009. A honey bee from the Miocene of Nevada and the biogeography of Apis (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apini).  Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences  60(1):23. Garibaldi LA, Steffan-Dewenter I, Winfree R, Aizen MA, Bommarco R, Cunningham SA, Kremen C, Carvalheiro LG, Harder LD, Afik O et al. 2013.  Wild Pollinators Enhance Fruit Set of Crops Regardless of Honey Bee Abundance.  Science  339(6127):1608-1611. doi: 10.1126/science.1230200 Harpur BA,  Minaei  S, Kent CF, and Zayed A. 2012.  Management increases genetic diversity of honey bees via admixture.  Molecular Ecology  21(18):4414-4421. Luo W, Li T, Wang C, and Huang F. 2012.  Discovery of Beeswax as​   Journal of Archaeological Science  39(5):1227-1237.binding agent on a 6th-century BC Chinese Turquoise-inlaid Bronze sword. Mazar A, Namdar D, Panitz-Cohen N, Neumann R, and Weiner S. 2008.  Iron Age beehives at Tel Rehov in the Jordan valley.  Antiquity  81(629–639). Oldroyd BP. 2012.  Domestication of honey bees was associated with   Molecular Ecology  21(18):4409-4411.expansion of genetic diversity. Rader R, Reilly J, Bartomeus I, and Winfree R. 2013.  Native bees buffer the negative impact of climate warming on honey bee pollination of watermelon crops.  Global Change Biology  19(10):3103-3110. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12264 Roffet-Salque, Mà ©lanie. Widespread exploitation of the honeybee by early Neolithic farmers. Nature volume 527, Martine Regert, Jamel Zoughlami, Nature, November 11, 2015. Si A. 2013.  Aspects of Honeybee Natural History According to the  Solega.  Ethnobiology Letters  4:78-86. doi: 10.14237/ebl.4.2013.78-86 Sowunmi MA. 1976.  The potential value of honey in  Ã‚  Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology  21(2):171-185.palaeopalynology  and archaeology.

How to Create Emotional Messaging That Resonates [PODCAST]

How to Create Emotional Messaging That Resonates [PODCAST] You’ve probably read uninspiring, forgettable content. Having emotional messaging helps you connect with prospects, creating trust and relationships that can lead to sales. Today we’re chatting with Emma Tupa. Emma is the product marketing specialist at and is an expert on conversion copywriting. She uses just the right messaging to help clients find solutions to their problems and to make ’s content memorable and trustworthy. If you want to know how to create emotional messaging to stand out, build relationships and sell more, you won’t want to miss out on today’s show! Emma’s background and how she ended up being the product marketing specialist at , as well as what Emma does on the product marketing team. Emma’s definition of product marketing and how it helps create relationships that can lead to sales. Why it’s important to include emotion in the copy that you write and how to figure out which types of emotional messaging would best resonate with your clients. Emma’s thoughts on finding a good message when you have a diverse clientele, as well as why it’s important to have an idea customer in mind. How to tell whether your messaging is effective and actually working to help you build relationships and create conversions. Some easy ways to jump-start adding some emotional messaging into your copy. Incorporating humor into your copy: How to do it with GIFs, hashtags, and more. What Emma recommends for someone hoping to improve their writing. Links: Emma Tupa PopKey Copy Hackers If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Emma: â€Å"We are writing for an actual person. We aren’t writing for ourselves or for a robot. We need to be able to relate.† â€Å"It’s all about the research and putting yourself in your ideal customer’s shoes. â€Å"You can’t write for everyone when you try to satisfy too many people, you’re really satisfying no one.†

SEO Changes over the Past Few Years Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

SEO Changes over the Past Few Years - Essay Example As the discussion emphases there is a large number of personnel who examine the current trends taking place in SEO in various search engines. Bearing this in mind, this paper will focus on Google, as a search engine in relation to the SEO changes it has made in the last few years. According to Forbes, Google is a technology company that aims at boosting how information is linked with people. It is noted that Google major focus is on search, platforms, advertisements, and operating systems. With the primary focus of the paper being on searches, it is asserted that the search part of Google includes numerous online content and a large array of web sites that is accessible to any person with internet connectivity and the Google search engine. According to the paper findings good SEO is the utilisation of the strategies and techniques that ensure that a website ranks highest and appears most often in searches by the targeted client base. In the past, websites used to use a few appropriate explanations that were related to the content along with Meta tags. However, these traditional techniques cannot apply in the current setting due to changes that have occurred. The changes have been driven by Google, which provides the major search engine. Good SEO involves content that is of high quality. High-quality content ensures that the website has relevant subjects and terms that are normally used during searches. The more the information, the more the search engine will show up the website in the search results. Further, regular updates ensure that the quality is enhanced.

Movie Funny People Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Movie Funny People Analysis - Essay Example The essay "Movie Funny People Analysis" analyzes the movie â€Å"Funny People† released in 2009, analyzes and evaluates the movie in all possible detail. "Funny People" as the title suggests needed some funny people as the front cast and who could have been a better choice than Adam Sandler for ‘Judd Apatow’. Not only Sandler is Apatow’s former roommate, but also without any doubts, Sandler is amongst the few top class actors in the Hollywood today. Experts say that he has it all: style, charisma, talent, skills, personality, hard work, and some great movies under his names. Whatever contribution, he has done to Hollywood is worth remembering for ages. His roles in movies like â€Å"Billy Madison†, â€Å"Big Daddy†, â€Å"Mr. deeds†, â€Å"50 first dates†, â€Å"I know pronounce you Chuck and Larry†, and now â€Å"Funny People† serve as models for the newcomers in the industry to follow. He is also the head of his production house â€Å"Happy Madison Productions†. Sandler’s co-star in this film is Seth Rogen who is also very much an actor, comedian, writer, stand-up comedian, producer, and entrepreneur like Sandler. This Canadian Jewish, 27-year-old man, has impressed critics with his roles in movies like â€Å"The 40-year-old virgin†, â€Å"Knocked up†, â€Å"Pineapple Express† and of course â€Å"Funny People†. He has not won anything for his acting but he has won best writer award Canadian Comedy Award for â€Å"Superbad† in the year 2008. Judd Apatow’s wife Leslie Mann also plays a supporting role in this movie.

Inflation Rate and Economic Stability of Brazil

Inflation Rate and Economic Stability of Brazil Introduction This paper is concerned with the economic consideration of one of the South American countries and analyzes the impact of an economic concern on that particular South American country that has been chosen and identifies the trend of the economic concern with in specified region on the basis of data sets accumulate from the source. The south American countries has major impact on American economy and the economic concern of one of an important country raise our body of knowledge regarding the economic trend in that particular country and its impact on overall economy as well. South American Country The economy of South America consists of twelve nations with three territories and comprise of 6% of population in the world. I have choose Brazil among other South American countries as Brazil is the largest South American country and Brazil is one of the fastest growing economies of the world. It is ranked at fifth spot in the world regarding population and geographical region and fifth largest economy regarding GDP in the world. The economic concern of Brazil is effectively contributes to world economy and interesting trend of economy can be seen. (Abreu, 2005). Economic Concern Among four economic concern including GDP, quantities of specific Goods and services gross Domestic Product (GDP), and unemployment inflation I have selected inflation. Inflation is an important economic concern that will effect the economy in great extend and inflation rate of a country economy is an important indicator for a country growth prospective. Inflation means rise in the general price level of the country and loss the real value of money as fewer commodities will bought with each additional unit of currency. Inflation directly relate to the economic productivity and has positive and negative both effect on economy as it create economic uncertainty which may discourage saving and investment. High prices of general commodities and hoarding will be its largest disadvantage. In positive sense it may encourage non monetary investment. But the inflation rate needs to be control in order to sustain country economy. Inflation trend in Brazil The inflation rate in Brazil is fluctuating over the years. No consistent trend can be seen in the inflation rate ac past year data support this assumption. According to the data displayed by ( IPCA) in 2002 the inflation rate was 12.53% that is quite high rate. Then the decreasing trend of inflation rate can be seen in Brazil economy as 9.3% in 2003, 7.6% in 2004, 5.69% in 2005, and 3.14% in 2006 that is least in this decade. Then the slight increasing trend can be seen in rate of inflation. 4.46% can be seen in 2007 and 5.91 in 2008. The fluctuating trend can be seen in this range in coming years as well. (Inflation Statistical table) Statistical Table Inflation (IPCA) 2002 12.53% 2003 9.30% 2004 7.60% 2005 5.69% 2006 3.14% 2007 4.46% 2008 5.91% Past two years Inflation Trend Past two years monthly inflation rate trend can be seen from this graph that shows the monthly frequency of the inflation rate. The graph bars shows the trend of inflation from year 2011 that is 6.01%. The increasing slope can be seen from March, 2011 up to October, 2011. Inflation rate at the month of October is the highest that is 7.31%. Then the control implementation on inflation increasing trend can be seen from 7.31% to the deep low rate at 4.92% in July, 2012 that is complemented to Brazil economy. The upward Trent at semi annual bases can be seen in Brazil economy. The last recorded inflation rate of 6.15% that is quite high. Brazil government target inflation rate is 4.5% with the plus and minus tolerance margin of 2% in it. The high inflation trend is important consideration for the government as increasing inflation rate affect the economy in deep roots and make the investment and saving difficult. People purchasing power will be effected that will effect their standard of living and indulge the poverty level in the country as commodities will be difficult to purchase with even more money in hand because due to inflation country will lose its real money value. (De Paiva Abreu, 2005). According to IBGE report it is recorded from 1980 the Brazil inflation trend has gone through various fluctuations. Historical data shows average of 411.8 % Brazil inflation rate that reached at highest rate of inflation of 6821.3 % in April 1990 that was the highest rate for all time. The low inflation rate of 1.7 percent was found in December 1998. The measure used to calculate inflation is consumer price index. Brazil important contribution in consumer price index are tobacco, food and alcohol that covers 31% of total, 15 percent by transport sector and communication carries 5 %. . (Brazil Inflation Rate) Statistical Evidence comparing various countries inflation rate Inflation Rate of various countries is showing the Brazil high rate of inflation as compare to other countries except India that has the inflation Rate o f 6.62. An increasing trend is quite threatening for Brazilian government for economic growth and required close consideration to control the rate in future in order to stabilize the economy. Conclusion The Inflation rate and economic stability are closely related to one another and required close concern in order to stabilize the economy. Brazil increasing trend provide the threatening for its future concerns and shows that the government need to closely consider this regime in order to stabilize the economy and to achieve the economical growth in the world.

Controversial Rap Themes, Gender Portrayals and Skin Tone Distortion Essay

The following six questions are addressed in a critique of an article entitled: Controversial Rap Themes, Gender Portrayals and Skin Tone Distortion: A Content Analysis of Rap Music Videos. This article was published in the Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media and written by Kate Conrad, Travis Dixon, and Yuanyuan Zhang. Kate and Yuanyuan are PhD students in the Department of Speech Communications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Travis is Assistant Professor of Speech Communication at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Q1: Does the program address age-related patterns of disorder and competence? From the description of the program provided, it appears that this program does address age-related patters of disorder and competence, however this is inferred. The methods section of this article describes the sample as consisting on 93 sixth graders from five different classrooms in three towns in the Northeast. In statistical analyses, this sample of six graders was compared to a control group of 34 fifth graders from two different classrooms in two of the three same towns. The author indicates sixth graders were selected because they are considered old enough to have developed the cognitive skills and scholastic abilities to follow the curriculum. This assertion is supported with citation from numerous published research including: Flavel, Flavel, Green & Korfmacher, 1990; Singer, Zuckerman & Singer, 1980; Suddendorf, 1999). Additionally, fifth and sixth graders were selected because they are considered old enough not to be frightened or disturbed by violent images that were analyzed in the study (Cantor, 1994). And finally, sixth graders are considered young enough chronologically to still be forming patterns for media consumption, as well as opinions regarding mass media. The author and other scholars believe these opinions may persist into adulthood as supported by Comstock & Scharrer, 1999). Q2: Does the program target the appropriate age group? This rationale for selecting this age group is outlined in the response above. Just to recap, sixth graders were selected because: †¢ They are believed to have the cognitive and scholastic abilities to follow the curriculum. †¢ They are considered old enough not to be frighten or disturbed by violent images †¢ They are considered young enough to still be forming patterns of media consumption †¢ They are considered young enough to still be forming opinions about mass media Q3: Does the program include a representative sample? Based on the information presented in the article, this program does not include a representative sample of all sixth graders. The author addresses sampling issues in the discussion of limitations. â€Å"†¦.control group members were fifth graders, whereas treatment group members were sixth graders. Although statistical analysis accounting for previously existing differences in comprehension and critical thinking about media violence alleviates this limitation, it is nonetheless a flaw in the design.† Q4: Does the program address relevant contexts? Based on the information presented in the article, this program addresses relevant contexts in the following ways: 1. The school as a social context and an appropriate setting to access children in this age group 2. Media literacy as a socially relevant ‘context’ to encourage students to become active consumers of the media by questioning media practices, messages, and effects. 3. Violence in media that is consumed by children in this age group because violence is the primary concern among a list of ethical issues pertaining to entertainment media content (Lind & Rarick, 1992). 4. The â€Å"high-risk† factors in the portrayal of TV violence are relevant context because they are believed to constitute a particular high risk for older children and adolescents (ages 7-18) due to their association with aggressive outcomes in this age group. Does the program address relevant developmental tasks? Based on the information presented, this program addresses relevant developmental tasks for the sample. Students preexisting comprehension of concepts and critical thinking about ethical issues associated with media were measured. A part of the study procedure was to introduce, define, discuss each high-risk portrayal factor and discuss the general conclusions drawn from the literature pertaining to each factor. Discussion was a key component of the procedure and this may or may not have been developmentally appropriate even though the author indicates special emphasis was placed on why each factor was associated with a heightened risk of learning aggression. Additionally, the author uses ‘ethical responsibilities and social responsibilities’ of ‘media producers’ and whether and how media should be ‘regulated’. These concepts may be understood by some of even many in this population, however this information was not provided in the article. How well does the program address relevant risk/protective factors? Based on the information presented in the article, the author does not explicitly state that knowledge, comprehension and critical thinking are protective factors, however this can be inferred based on the commonly held belief that increased critical thinking skills results in increased protective factors. Likewise, the lack of knowledge about violence and inadequate or poor critical thinking skills would result in increased risks. Summarize your opinion about the feasibility and cost of this program. Based on the information provided, it is my opinion that this program is quite feasible particularly since it is only five 1-hour visits to the sixth-grade. Additionally, college students served primarily as staff further limiting the costs to implement this program and increasing the probability of it being sustained beyond the initial study if desired. Summarize your opinion about the level of evidence demonstrated for this program based on the articles you reviewed. The level of evidence presented in this article seems sufficient in some of the assertions and less than sufficient in others. For example, the literature review in support of media literacy was sufficient. The assertions regarding ethics of media producers and that they should be socially responsible seemed more like conjecture, although I happen to agree. Critical thinking is a central tenant to this research and the literature or ‘evidence’ regarding it was minimally adequate, although sufficiently cited. Space or word limitations often make it more difficult to thoroughly explicate the rationale in the background and significance section of an article such as this.

Historical perspective of asian countries - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2867 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category History Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? As a part of our research we found that universities in different Asian countries had different degrees of autonomy to engage in contractual collaboration with the private sector. In Japan and Korea, State-owned universities were treated as part of the government and were not allowed to operate as independent entities and because of this unique legal arrangement, they had no legal status, and did not have the capacity to write a contract or own patents (Nezu, December 2005). We find that this is particularly important because top universities in most Asian countries were often State-run. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Historical perspective of asian countries" essay for you Create order Such State-funded universities normally did not have a legal status, which would allow them to claim ownership over the results of their research activities, employ researchers, write contracts with private companies and take on legal obligations if necessary. Rather, they were deemed part of the government itself and were obliged to follow a meticulous process to obtain permission to work with the private sector. Professors were government employees and because of this, they were not allowed to work outside the university. In order to pave the way for more operational and efficient U-I relations, specific actions were taken. (Nezu, December 2005) Recently, the state realized the benefits and feasibility of university autonomy in certain matters, for instance the matters of patency in their research work, and the universities were empowered to deal with these issues. Consequently, many Asian universities moved towards establishing an office within or outside the universities to de al with the complex task of managing Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and transferring technologies, developed in their laboratories. They were mostly emulations of the Technology Licensing Offices (TLOs) or Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) of US universities. In most of the Asian universities that conduct research, offices of this kind have been set up, although in some cases they are not called TLOs or TTOs. In certain countries where technology transfer from universities is rare, tasks related to technology transfer are handled by a general administration office. But Asian universities are increasingly recognizing that the transfer of technology calls for a high level of expertise, a firm knowledge of technology and the way universities function, and also familiarity with the legal aspects of IPRs. The functions of all TTOs are not identical. TTOs are regarded as profit centers and are expected to be self-supporting, while others are heavily subsidized by the universities or even by the government. In either case, it is widely recognized that having a TTO as a central body to handle all issues relating to the transfer of technology is that it makes possible to professionalize technology transfer activities and enhance the bargaining power of the universities. It would be practically next to impossible for individual researchers to deal with all the necessary work. Conflict of Interest When we take a look at the development model of the advanced countries we are illuminated of the fact that the, first major conflict of interest occurs in regard to time allocation of university researchers between academic and educational responsibility and commercial interest. It is generally agreed in Asian universities that, if university researchers intend to take on commercial responsibility, they should at least notify the University of such Intention and obtain approval. In order to be able to deal with such requests for approval, universities must have certain rules. A university researcher should take a leave or at least make a separation in schedule, so that there is always a line separating the two activities. Such leaves should be taken in a manner that would not disrupt the educational duties of the university or the other research activities of the professor. One example in this connection is the 20% rule, which is widely observed in US universities. Under this rule, faculty members are allowed to spend up to 20%, in other words, one day in one week, outside the university. The National University of Singapore (NUS) has more or less the same guideline of 52 days per year to be spent on consulting activities or for facultys engagement in a non-executive capacity in a start-up company. But in general, few Asian countries have clear policies in place. In addition to proper time management, there is also a need for managing the economic gains that may arise. This is likely to occur when a university researcher holds some stake in a business that utilizes the knowledge of the university. A successful start-up may bring about millions of rupees of profit for a single researcher. But, if U-I collaboration leads to a situation where university researchers make a fortune by using the knowledge of the university and its facilities, there may arise sentiments of unfairness, disappointment or even opposition to U-I collaboration. In order to avoid a sit uation like this, there must be clear rules for them to follow. Whether or not a university researcher can be a corporate director, executive or nonexecutive, is a moot point. If, yes, under which conditions should they be allowed to do so? While this can be left to individual universities, it will be in the interest of all universities and businesses to have basic guidelines agreed in advance. While not all Asian universities have concrete guidelines for avoiding conflicts of interest, some have taken concrete actions. The National University of Singapore (NUS) identifies a number of potential situations that are likely to arise. Misusing students by hiring them as cheap labor, Transmitting privileged information that is not generally available to the company, Undertaking or changing the orientation of research to serve the needs of the company, Using university resources for company activities, Purchasing equipment from the company in which the researcher has an interest, Funding by the company of a project related to the licensed technology. In addition to these, NUS regards consulting, equity ownership, royalty interest and family ties as potential areas for conflict. For each one of these situations, NUS provides certain policy and guidelines to minimize the risks. 3.1 Japan In Japan, many good universities were traditionally State-owned and had thus been shielded from the pressures of the private sector. As a result, they had shown little interest in working with business. It was only as late as 1990s that Japanese society became serious about establishing mutually supportive relations between the two communities. The direct cause of this change was the heavy loss of competitiveness by Japanese firms to the United States in such key sectors as information technology and biotechnology. The response to these new challenges was to upgrade industrial structures and raise the competitiveness of Japanese industry. As a result, companies began to show increasing interest in utilizing the knowledge of universities rather than doing all of their research on their own. Under the pressure of global competition, utilizing the most advanced knowledge developed by universities became the top priority for Japan. Laws to Facilitate Technology Transfer Laws/ policies Year Japanese Science and Technology Policy 1996 Japanese version of the Bayh-Dole Act 1999 Basic Law for IPRs 2002 Law to alter the legal status of national universities from a government institution to an independent administrative entity, 2004 Table 1: Japanese government acts passes for U-I collaboration In Japan, formal U-I Collaboration dates back to 1983, when joint research projects with the private sector were first approved, but it was in the 90s that U-I Collaboration was given full recognition as a major policy direction in the Japanese science and technology policy. The Basic Plan for Science and Technology, adopted by the Cabinet in 1996 stressed the importance of promoting collaboration between universities and business. During the few years that followed, several important decisions were made at the governmental level, including the Japanese version of the Bayh-Dole Act of 1999 and the Basic Law for IPRs of 2002. Pursuant to the Basic Law for S cience and Technology, the Science and Technology Council draw up a Basic Plan for Science and Technology every five years. 3.1.2 Japanese Law and TLO The law Promoting Technology Transfers from Academia of 1996 was the first in a line of legislative attempts to facilitate technology transfers. It was followed by a second law, the Industrial Revitalizing Law of 1999, which established a legal structure similar to that created in the Bayh-Dole Act in the US. However, the most important law, a law to alter the legal status of national universities from a government institution to an independent administrative entity, took effect in April of 2004  [1]  . To manage IPRs, Japan initially took an initiative stating that national universities research should belong to the individual researchers but later law was passed for establishment of TTOs within or outside universities.  [2]  As a result of success in U-I collaboration more and more initiatives were taken by the government. There is other evidence of the growing interest of Japanese universities in protecting their inventions by filing patents as a means for transferrin g technology. The Japanese universities filed 1,335 patents in 2002, a substantial increase from the 76 patents in 1996. 3.2 China Chinas university-industry partnerships began as early as the 1950s. From the start of the Communist regime, universities were called upon to make full contributions toward the increase of production in China. Transfer of knowledge from universities was conducted without explicit rules with respect to intellectual property. It was only after the major policy change that took place during the 80s that China became more focused on the productivity of the economy and thus began to mobilize academic and scientific resources to achieve economic ends. In 1985 decisions were made by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party which allowed universities to make their own decisions, based on the market situation, in organizing RD programs and transferring technologies. These decisions were presented in the Chinese science and technology policy. In addition, the decision made it possible to provide incentives through more pay for more work. The role of the government changed from di rect intervention and control to guidance and oversight, setting laws and regulations under which universities could decide on their own course of action. In China, Technology transfer and licensing from universities has increased. The number of patent transfers, for example, went up from 298 in 1999 to 532 in 2002. During the same period, technology transfers also increased from about 4000 to 5600. In addition to technology transfers, contractual research, consultancy and enterprise incubation are widely seen as a means for university researchers to work with private businesses. During the three-year period between 2000 and the end of 2002, 326 establishments were created in cooperation with Chinese or foreign enterprises. The success of China U-I collaboration can be attributed to strong incentives by the government such as allowing researchers to keep at least 50% of the earnings from commercialized technologies, and encouragement/contribution by the industry in funding almost 40 percents of the scientific research. In the late 1990s, China took a series of more specific actions to push ahead with university-industry collaboration. The Central Committee of the Communist Party decided in 1999 that bilateral and multilateral mechanisms for collaboration should be created in the form of mutual part-time jobs and training. The government objective for such collaboration was to promote universities to form technology transfer offices; to encourage universities to disseminate the use of technologies developed in various forms such as through patent licensing, technology transfer. As a result, Chinese universities are able to make regulations aimed at encouraging inventions and technology transfer. Faculty members and students are encouraged and supported in their efforts to build or take part in venture businesses as part-time work. Setting up the legal framework for universities is important in promoting university-industry collaboration. 3.3 India India moved gradually from a planned and closed economy to a more open and deregulated one, with new challenges being set forth for universities and industries. In the area of science and technology (ST), the country is being steered by the ST Policy of 2003. It is only in recent years that Indian industry has really started collaborative programs with universities. Indian success in the software sector is remarkable. Major global IT companies have outsourced some part of their operations to India and have established RD centers there as well. Indian IT engineers are working in many industrialized countries and contributing to the advancement of information technology. Most of the collaboration is in the form of consultancies, which typically do not involve large-scale projects. On the other hand, according to the survey questionnaire conducted by P. Ganguli in the Indian national study, Indian universities were not fully aware of the importance of intellectual property rights (IPR s) and lacked the resources to manage them. Indian academic institutions became aware of the importance of protecting and disseminating their knowledge through patents rather recently. In 1995, only 35 applications were filed, but it rose to 96 in 2001 and 79 in 2002. Out of the more than 300 Indian universities, the number of academic institutions that filed patent applications was still too small compared with the high number of educational institutions in India that engage in RD activities. In the last few years, India has amended and enhanced its IPR legislation to be in full compliance with the TRIPS Agreement of the WTO. But unlike Korea or Japan, India does not have any specific law, like the Bayh-Dole Act of the United States, which dictates the ownership of the inventions that arise from publicly funded RD. Different ministries, departments and funding agencies have different policies.  [3]  . Generally speaking, the concept of IPR policy in Indian academic instit utions is still developing with only a small number of institutions announcing their policies. Most universities just deal with IPR on a case by case basis. 3.4 Republic of Korea Asian governments have introduced the necessary laws, ministry directives, notices, and guidelines, which are meant to establish stable rules to regulate government and university conduct. Such legal measures were taken for the most part in the second half of the 90s, reflecting the growing need for university-industry collaboration. The second part of the national policy framework, of an evolving rather than fixed nature, takes the form of basic plans and sets forth certain goals and targets to be achieved within a given timeframe. Unlike legal frameworks, these are reviewed and revised periodically. 3.5 Singapore In Singapore the system for protecting IP and other economic properties was developed according to civil laws and other rules governing business practice and contracts that were already in place. These formed the basis for shaping the U-I relations, rather than the governments initiatives. This is largely due to the historical fact that, by the time other Asian countries became aware of the importance of U-I collaboration, the country had already ample experience of managing such collaboration. 3.6 U-I Collaboration: Summary of the Asian Universities The need for universities to adopt clear policies for protecting and managing IPRs is increasingly realized by Asian universities. Without a strong IPR policy that provides clear rules and guidelines for the commercial exploitation of IP generated within the university, establishes ownership criteria and rules for income-sharing and defines responsibilities and obligations of all stakeholders; it will be difficult for universities to move forward in this field in a systematic manner. In some cases, problems arise from inadequate implementation of rules rather than the absence of rules. But on the whole, without clear and standard guidelines and procedures, there is a risk of conflict between the different parties as the outcomes may not meet expectations. In some of the Asian countries that were analyzed in the national studies, only few universities have formally adopted an IP policy, although in some cases, policies are currently being discussed or have been submitted to the rele vant internal bodies for adoption. A problem researchers or scientists often face is their lack of expertise in filing patent applications and negotiating agreements with industry. This raises a fundamental issue for all Asian countries and points to the strategic importance for universities to have a strong and effective office devoted to managing technology transfer staffed with legal and technical experts. For the Asian countries, development and expansion of university-industry relationships during the last decade has been a result of goal-oriented and deliberate public policy efforts. The areas of focus included: Defining the legal status of universities and their professors Relaxing or removing regulations that prevented faculty members from working with companies developing policies on intellectual property rights, establishing technology transfer offices creating funding schemes, and Ensuring adequate financial resources for research and development activities at universities. Presently, there seems to be some consensus in Asian countries, both developed and developing, that universities and public laboratories should make greater contributions to countries overall economic growth and competitiveness. While universities, industries, and publicly-funded research institutions should be allowed to develop working relations with each other through their own initiative, governments also have a responsibility to establish laws and practices that would give proper incentives towards collaborative research activities. In more developed countries of the Asian, policy framework, underpinned by laws and government regulations, has been put in place over the last two decades. Ideally, the policy framework should serve three purposes: First, to state publicly the intention of the government with respect to the direction universities and industry should take; Second, to lay down legal rules for the conduct of universities and industry, for example in relation to the management of IPRs; and Third, to secure financial resources and incentives to facilitate collaboration.

Violence Against Art - 1218 Words

The seventh circle of Dante’s hell houses the violent, the assassins, the tyrants and the war-mongers. The violence in this circle takes on three forms; violence against others or one’s neighbor, oneself, or God. Those who commit violence against other people or their property, the murders and thieves, are punished in the first ring of the seventh circle, which is a river of blood. Those who commit violence against themselves or their own poverty, suicides and squanderers, populate the second ring which is a horrid forest. The third ring is a sandy plain where it is raining fire. In this third ring there are three separate groups of violent offenders against God: blasphemers, those who offend God directly; the sodomites, those who†¦show more content†¦He lost control of the chariot and came close to burning the entire earth (Lindemans). Dante relates himself to the character Arachne because she was a talented artist. Just as she angered the goddess Athena, Dante fears angering God. Arachne was said to be a common woman who did not come from a noble family and what gave Archne her fame was her ability to weave beautiful tapestry. Neither was Dante born of noble birth; he received his fame through his skills as a writer (Lindemans). As Arachne tried to create the most beautiful tapestry, Dante strives for perfection in his comedy; but is weighed down with the question if is an insult to God by doing so. If striving for perfection is an insult to God than Dante worried he would suffer punishment because of his own pride. Dante also compares himself to Daedalus and Phaeton, because both men tried to fly and as a result hurt themselves and others around them. Like Phaeton, Dante fears that he may be ignorant and incapable, therefore, become a detriment to himself and others. Or like Daedalus because Icarus died after Daedalus gave him wings. What if Dante’s readers harm themselves or others after reading his poem. Dante mak es several references to the harm people can do to one another when they ply words. Dante uses the example of Guido Da Montefeltro, who led hundreds of Christians to death because of Pope Boniface VIII (Alighieri). In distinguishing the faults of these charactersShow MoreRelatedMartial Arts : An Effective Tool Against Violence And Bullying954 Words   |  4 Pagestraining in martial arts has many mental and physical health benefits; this essay, therefore, will argue that offering martial arts in public schools offers a successful tool against violence and bullying, is an effective way to recover mental health without use of pharmaceuticals, and can improve academic outcomes. I. Introduction A. Start with compelling story of Phoebe Prince who committed suicide in 2010 after relentless bullying. B. 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